Different Type of Computers

A Number of different dimensions can be used to classify computers into different types. Traditionally , the size and the compatibilities of computers are used as the main criterion and the computers are classified into the following types.

PC
The personal computer (PC) is small in size and is designed for general use by a simple person.

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Desktop
A PC that is not designed for portability. A desktop computer is typically set up in a permanent location.



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Laptop

A portable computer that includes a battery to provide power for some specific period of time.
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Palmtop
More commonly known as personal Digital Assistant (PDA). Palmtops are small, lightweight and tightly integrated computers which usually do not have keyboards but rely on tough screen technology for user input. Palmtops are equipped with a battery with reasonable life.

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Workstation
A desktop computer with a powerful processor, additional memory and enhanced capabilities for performing a special group of takes, such as 3D graphics.



Server
A computer that has been optimized to provide services to other computers over a network. Servers usually have powerful processors, lots of memory and large hard drives.



Mainframe
Mainframes are huge computers, which could fill an entire room or even a whole floor. Over the years, the size of computers has diminished while the power has increased. The term mainframe has fallen out of use. You will still hear the term used, practically in large companies to describe the huge machines processing millions of transactions everyday.



Supercomputer
This type of computer is usually are very expensive. Although some supercomputers are single computer systems, most are comprised of multiple high performance computers working in parallel as a single system. The best - known supercomputers are built by cray supercomputers.



Different Type of Computer memory
The programs and data must be in the main memory to be used by the CPU. The main memory is the only large storage area that the CPU can access derectly. Memory of a computer is measured in Megabites.
The three basic types of memory used in a computer are Cach Memory,Random accesss Memory (RAM) and Read only Memory (ROM).

Micro Computers

In 1977, both "COMMODORE" and "RADIO SHACK" announced that they were going to make personal computers. Mass production of the APPLE began in 1979, and by the end of 1981, it was the fastest selling of all the personal computer.

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The Age of Computers

The age of computers began in 1975 when a company called MITS introduced the ALTAIR 8800. It was a computer, which can be programmed by flicking switches on the front . It came as a kit and had to be soldered together . It had no software programs, but is was a personal computer available to the consumer for a few thousand dollars when most computer companies were charging tens of thousands of dollars for their computers.

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Importance of ICT

Today we live in a society. This new society is different from previous socio-economic environment such as agricultural and industrial. During the agricultural age we had various structures to support the agri-based society.Communication education for agrisociety commerce Entertainment helth Roads Agri-based soziety.
When the Industrial revolution took place a new society emerged into this agricultural society. The merge of the steam engine and the wheel /which led to the birth of automated machine made this industrial revolution a success.
This new industrial society required some structural changes in the above mentioned sectors in order to meet requirements of the new socity.
The merge of computing technology and communication technology gave a birth to new technological revolution called the information revolution.
This information Revolution Created a new society called an information society or knowledge based society basically . This new information society basically consist of there sectors. Today we need to build new structures to support this new information society.

Challenges to ICT

Although the use of ICT can bring many benefits , are also risks and threats associated with it.

• Obsolescence due to technological advances.
• Difficulty to retain the competitive advantages.
• High labour turnover.
• High training and retraining cost.
• Dehumanizations/depersonalization.
• Heath hazards.
• High initial investment.

Information Comunication Technology

Benefits of ICT (Information Communication Technology)

ICT or IT can bring varius benefits to us. Some of those advantages could be specified as follows.

• High speed information processing.
• High level of information accuracy.
• Less space is required to store information.
• Less space is required for information processing.
• Less manpower is required to handle information.
• High volume of information processing can be handled at a time.
• Unit cost off information processing can be reduced for high volumes.
• Complicated information processing activities can be handled easily.
• Uniformity and clarity of information can be improved .
• Better communication between systems can be provided.

As a result of the above mentioned reasons, the use of ICT can benefit and organization in many ways.

• ICT can raise productivity.
• ICT can improve operations.
• ICT can reduce costs.
• ICT can use resources more efficiently.
• ICT can improve relationships.
• ICT can help in better planning and decision making.
• Today , ICT can be used to improve functions of any organization every aspects.
• ICT can help organization to be more competitive in today's global market environment .

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Charistaristics of Computers

Speed

• The computer can perform very fast . For example , the amount of work that a human can do in an entire years, can be done by a computer within a few minutes.

Accuracy

• The Accuracy of a computer is consistently high. Errors can occur in a computer , but these are mainly due to human mistakes.

Diligence

• Unlike human beings, a computer can work for days without making any errors or complains.

Versatility

• A computer is capable of performing any task reduced to a series of logical steps.

Power of remembering

• Every price of information that a user stores on a computer can be retained as is needed and be recalled when necessary. A computer will never lose stored information on its own.

No I.Q.

• It possess no intelligence of its own. Only the user can determine what tasks a computer will perform.

No Feelings

• Computers are devoid of emotions. They have no feelings because they are machines. We often make certain judgments based on our feelings , knowladge and experience . But computers cannot make such judgments on their own. Their judgments depend on the instructions given to them.

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